Allergic rhinitis, also known as hay fever, includes symptoms that affect the nose. It occurs when the body recognizes something in the environment and overreacts. This hypersensitivity is considered an immune response. There are four types of hypersensitivity reactions: type I (IgE-mediated reactions), type II (tissue-specific reactions), type III (immune complex–mediated reactions), and type IV (cell-mediated reactions). Many allergic reactions, like allergic rhinitis, are considered type I (IgE-mediated reactions). The first exposure to an allergen causes a presentation of the antigen-presenting cell to B lymphocytes, which are considered the followers of T-cells (Th2 cells). These Th2 cells produce cytokines that assist in the maturation of the B lymphocytes into plasma cells that secrete IgE. The IgE is absorbed to the surface of the mast cell by binding to specific IgE Fc receptors.
When there is a significant amount of IgE bound to the mast cell, it then becomes sensitized. When an individual is re-exposed to the allergen, the allergen ultimately cross-links the IgE that’s bound to the mast cell and causes degranulation of the mast cell. The mast cell then induces a reaction that causes histamine in the body to react, inducing local edema, mucous secretion, smooth muscle contraction, and other acute inflammatory responses (McCance, K. L., & Huether, S. E., 2019). Regarding the case study, the 35-year-old woman presented with nasal congestion and recurrent sinus infections. She noticed a great improvement when she went on a two-week Caribbean cruise when she was no longer exposed to the allergen, the cat who joined the family one year ago, the same timeframe when her symptoms began.
">The likely diagnosis of this patient would be allergic rhinitis (AR); however, there are methods, diagnostic procedures, and tools used to determine a clear diagnosis for this patient, such as screening the patient’s medical and family history and collection of genetic factors and environmental factors. The patient may obtain a skin prick test, patch test, or intradermal test through an allergist to determine their sensitivities (American College of Allergy, Asthma, and Immunology, 2020). Our assignment writing help is at affordable prices to students of all academic levels and disciplines.
Allergic rhinitis, also known as hay fever, includes symptoms that affect the nose. It occurs when the body recognizes something in the environment and overreacts. This hypersensitivity is considered an immune response. There are four types of hypersensitivity reactions: type I (IgE-mediated reactions), type II (tissue-specific reactions), type III (immune complex–mediated reactions), and type IV (cell-mediated reactions). Many allergic reactions, like allergic rhinitis, are considered type I (IgE-mediated reactions). The first exposure to an allergen causes a presentation of the antigen-presenting cell to B lymphocytes, which are considered the followers of T-cells (Th2 cells). These Th2 cells produce cytokines that assist in the maturation of the B lymphocytes into plasma cells that secrete IgE. The IgE is absorbed to the surface of the mast cell by binding to specific IgE Fc receptors.
When there is a significant amount of IgE bound to the mast cell, it then becomes sensitized. When an individual is re-exposed to the allergen, the allergen ultimately cross-links the IgE that’s bound to the mast cell and causes degranulation of the mast cell. The mast cell then induces a reaction that causes histamine in the body to react, inducing local edema, mucous secretion, smooth muscle contraction, and other acute inflammatory responses (McCance, K. L., & Huether, S. E., 2019). Regarding the case study, the 35-year-old woman presented with nasal congestion and recurrent sinus infections. She noticed a great improvement when she went on a two-week Caribbean cruise when she was no longer exposed to the allergen, the cat who joined the family one year ago, the same timeframe when her symptoms began.
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